Abrasive-proof bobbin



Mmh26, 1940- H. D. CLINTON 2,195,358

. I ABRASIVE-PROOF BOBBIN I Filed Feb. 11, 1939 Fig. 2. 6

Patented Mar. 26, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT/OFFICE Harry D. Clinton,Johnson City, N. Y. Application February 11, 1939, Serial No. 255,973

7 Claims.

This invention relates to spools or bobbins and the like, or toimprovements in the same, having reference more particularly to textilespools and bobbins used for various purposes in different textile mills.

One of the objects is to provide a spool or bobbin with a head whichwill not dent, crack or break easily from the rough usage and handlingwhich'these articles receive in the mills. Dents and. other abrasions inthe rims of the heads, I caused by striking against hard edges oragainst .other spools from tossing and knocking about,

tend to catch or snag and break the yarn in loading and unloading suchspools, especially if the 5 yarn is drawn over or around the heads.Operations accordingly must be interrupted, sometimes quite frequently,in order to repair the breaks in the yarn, which of course hampers andgreatly impairs factory production. It is therefore desir- 20 able, andindeed essential to have a spool with a head which has a perfectlysmooth well-rounded rim and which in said rim is substantiallyabrasive-proof, or maintains its smoothness resistant to and unmarred bythe knocks and drops to 25 which these spools are subjected, undernormal conditions of use and even from. hard blows. The invention aimsto provide'a spool or bobbin head of such character.

Another object is toprovide a spool or bobbin combining a head of thestated character with all necessary strength and durability, so that itwill not loosen or come apart nor break, unless deliberately smashedwith crushing blows, and will last usably for a prolonged period oftime.

35 A further object is to provide a spool or bobbin head which will besubstantially stain-proof and/or also corrosion or rust proof, so as toprevent possible discoloration or soiling of the yarn coming intocontactwith the same. In this connection, heads of a polished surfaceproperty or finish are more generally desirable.

Other objects will be set forth or appear in the followingspecification, from which a full understanding of the invention and theadvantages attained thereby will be gained best by description withreference to the attached drawing, illustrating the same in onepractical embodiment of a textile bobbin.

50 In said drawing:

Fig. 1' is a'vertical elevation or side view of a bobbin shown brokenaway intermediatelywith its opposite ends in contracted relation, theupper portion representing a' head or end flange of the 55 inventionapplied to one end and the lower portion representing an ordinary headapplied to the other end; 7

Fig. 2 is a side view illustrating a possible modification of the lowerend head into a "twister bobbin" formation; 6

Fig. 3 is a vertical diametrically sectional view of the upper endportion of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 4 is a plan or front face view of the upper end head (of theinvention) detached.

At the outset, it should be stated that the in- 10 vention broadlyconsists in the provision of a spool head of an all-integral .orsingle-piece plate material, the marginal or peripheral edge portion ofwhich is rendered substantially abrasive-proof by. a hardening to adegree materially greater than that of its remainder or centralportion;that is, a head of solid composition having a considerable differentialof hardness between its'peripheral edge and central body parts. Thus, itmay include any spoel'or bobbin head composed of a plate or sheetmaterial in which the marginal portion providing the peripheral edge isgiven an increased requisite degree of hardness above that of itsnatural state as constituted or embodied in its remainder portion.

In the illustrative enibodiment, the head, indicated as a whole bythenumeral 5, comprises a circular piece of pressed metalplatepreferably a piece of stainless anrTcorrosion-resistant steelcommonly identified as 18-8" stainless steel, meaning 18% chromium and8% nickel in its composition. This head, at any suitable stage of itsfabrication, is subjected in the peripheral or marginal portion to aplastic deformation within the cold forming range, so as to work-hardensaid portion and to establish a marginal area of optimum hardness in thesame. Such deformation is preferably effected by a marginal rolling ordrawing inwardly, as in the present instance. However, other methods ofsuch deformation, or bending or rolling, may be employed, such ascupping or flanging. Since the'corrosion-resistant steels herecontemplated are solid solution alloys,

this deformation is attended with a rapid hardening and with aconcomitant increase in tensile strength in the cold-worked areas.Whenever the exigencies of a particular use so demand, the work-hardenedmaterial may be subjected to a' light anneal to relieve internalstresses, without appreciable loss of hardness. Such light anneal 60also presents the supplementary advantage of reducing corrosionsusceptibility of the work-hardened portions.

The described operation in forming the head 5 establishes a backwardlybent, top-overextending edge or rim 55 thereto which is smooth and well-I rounded and has an exceptional hardness or abrasive resistant texture.That is, the plate or piece around its marginal portion is treated so asto render it or its peripheral edge of a degree of hardness greatlyexceeding that of its remainder or central portion, or of the materialitself in the natural state, as determined by Brinell or other measuringtests.

The said head or plate piece 5 is advantageously pressed into formationwith a slightly sloping wall or face 5 in its central or main bodyportion, somewhat like an ordinary table dish, thereby affording easiermeans or facility for the yarn to be drawn off over its rim in thedirection of the bobbin or barrel axis. Of course it might instead beformed fiat if so desired, as in some cases perhaps it would be. Forready aflixture to the barrel, a neck portion or sleeve 5 is providedupon and integral with its central part, said neck or sleeve extendingaxially from its orificial center and adapted to fit into a recess orcounterbore formed therefor in the barrel end. This neck or sleeveportion may advantageously be provided with a series of ribs or teeth .ito engage tightly and non-rotatively in the material of the surroundingbarrel end.

The described head is attached to one or both ends of the bobbin barrel,indicated by 6, in a manner which will be readily understood. In the mgplug 1 as represented in Fig. 3.

present instance this is done by the usual fasten- That is, the plug,having an overextending outer flange (not referenced), is passed throughthe central orifice of the ,head and registering neck 5 thereof andclamps the head to the end of the barrel by a combined friction and gluefit into the end or counterbore of the barrel. It is unnecessary todescribe this aflixture in fuller detail since it is a common andwell-known means of applying a head to a barrel and no novelty isclaimed in such aflixture per se. However, it may befound advantageoustoprovide a' metal ferrule or wear sleeve 8 in the central bore of theplug, or in the central bore of the barrel, or both, to eliminategudgeon wear upon the material of these parts, which .are usually formedof "wood.

In the illustrated construction, the lower end of the'barrel carries anordinary fiat head 9, of greater diameter thanv the described head 5,

which may be formed of any suitable material but is preferably composedof hard vulcanized fibre which has been found to be very advantageousformanypurp'oses. If desired, this lower end head may be modified into atwister-head for twister bobbin use, by applying segment pieces Hi tothe outer face thereof, or the entire head may be substituted byapplication of a fiat head like said head 9 having these segmentalpieces l formed integrally with the same, thus providing a notch lladapted to fit the ordinary driving lug of a twister spindle. As anotheralternative of course a head of the invention may be applied to saidlower end of the barrel in substitution for either of the ordinary headsjust described. Whether or not this is done will depend upon the use towhich the bobbin is to be put.

Thus is provided a spool or bobbin with an allintegral head having asubstantially abrasiveproof rim produced by a treatment of its marginalor peripheral edge portion so as to give it a degree of hardness greatlyexceeding that of its remainder or central portion, and likewise exceeding that of the componentvmaterial in its natural or untreated state..So exceptionally hard is the rim of the described example, rendered thatit may be struck quite forcibly against or by different surfaces, andeven against sharp edges, without showing any sign of dent or impress orany kind of fracture. Itssmooth well-rounded surfacing remains unm'arredand unblemished and this condition is maintained for an indefinite timeunless the article is deliberately smashed by irresistable blows orcrushing.

The advantages of this invention will be readily realized andappreciated by those familiar with these constructions and particularlyby mill operators who are constantly annoyed by yarn breakages and thenecessity of replacing worn and damaged bobbins with new or repairedones. It

substantially reduces, if it does not entirely eliminate, the waste andloss in production from the needof stopping the looms and othermachinery to repair breaks and make substitutions. It insures a smoothand free feed of the yarn and minimizes the possibility of discoloringor soiling it from contact with the bobbin or spool head. All of thesewill be recognized by those experienced in this art.

As the invention may be applied in various ways and may be embodied invarious forms, with different variations in the specific manner orprocess by which its results are attained, it is not intended to belimited by the appended claims to the specific article or to thespecific form, composition or treatment herein described with referenceto the illustrative example. In this connection, also, the term bobbinas hereinafter used is intended to cover also a spool, cop or any suchlike article of manufacture used as a reel or loading element. v

Having thus described myinvention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1. A bobbin or the like having an end head comprising a plate piece ofstainless steel having its marginal edge portion rendered substantiallyabrasive-proof by a cold-rolling work-hardening treatment impartingthereto an increased degree of hardness considerably exceeding that ofits remaining central body portion.

2. A bobbinor the like having an end head comprising a plate piece ofchromium-nickel steel having its marginal edge' portion renderedsubstantially abrasive-proof by a work-hardening cold-rolling treatmentimparting theretov a high degree ofhardness as compared with itsremaining' central body portion. I

3. A bobbin or the like having an end head comprising a plate piece ofchromium-nickel composition steel having its marginal edge portionrendered substantially abrasive-proof, by a work-hardening rollingtreatment within the cold forming range imparting thereto a high degreeof hardness as compared withits remaining central body portion.

4. A bobbin, or the like having an end head comprising anall-integralplate piece of stainless steel metal having its marginaledge portion rendered substantially abrasive-proof by a work-hardeningrolling treatment within the cold forming range thereof impartingthereto a high degree of hardness in said edge as compared with that ofits remaining central body portion.

steel, the marginal edge portion of which is rendered substantiallyabrasive-proof by a plastic deformation attained by a work-hardeningrollin'g treatment thereof performed within its cold forming range,imparting thereto a high degree of hardness as compared with theremaining central body portion of the piece.

6. A bobbin or the like having an end head comprising a plate piece ofstainless sheet steel having its marginal edge portion rolled in aworkhardening operation into formation of a backwardly directedtop-overextending flange providing a smooth well-rounded rim thereto andimparting to said rim an increased degree of hardness materially greaterthan that of its remaining central body portion rendering said rimsubstantially abrasive-proof.

7. As an article of manufacture, a bobbin or the like head comprising asubstantially dishshaped plate piece of stainless sheet steel having acertain natural hardness, said piece having its marginal edge portionrounded and smoothed by a work-hardening rolling treatment HARRY D.CLINTON. 15

